Research Proposal Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Research Proposal - Coursework ExampleThe Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (SOX) is the legislative solution to the respectable scandals, such as Enron, Tyco, Qwest, Global Crossing, and WorldCom, involving method of accounting irregularities and fraud (Stephan, 2007). This Act implements extensive changes to public accounting and corporate laws, and also expands corporate governance extending the responsibilities of senior executives and board members. SOX has changed the current disdain environment. In the past business morality was viewed as important (Bies & Forte, 2010). Now, business ethics is mandatory, but where is the map for business managers to follow? SOX mandates ongoing comprehensive ethics programs, but does not give clear exact criteria, leaving the responsibility of education and training employees in ethics up to the organization (Stephan, 2007). In station to provide all stakeholders in corporate America assurance around ethical behavior, further research is needed. The foundation of this dissertation is Kohlbergs Cognitive Moral using theory, which will be used to determine whether age, gender, and education influence an individuals ethical decision-making capability. This study will compare the moral value of finance and accounting professionals who had ethical training with finance and accounting professionals who have not had ethical training, based on gender, age and education level. Brief Literature Review Finance and accounting professionals must resolve financial problems with the highest of ethical standards. Both finance professionals and accountants have developed codes or standards for guidance in performing their fiscal duties. The National commitment on Fraudulent Reporting concluded that written codes are important for communicating expectations and that more corporations should adopt a code of conduct (Rich, Smith, & Mihalek, 1990). However, Rich et al. conducted a study of selected respondents from the National Association o f Accountants database. Rich et al. found that for the performance measure net income, there was mash on the respondents to achieve a targeted net income, and the pressure was greater in companies with a formal code. For a second performance measure, return on investment (ROI), there was pressure to achieve a limited ROI in those companies with a formal code. Since there was no evidence that a written code of conduct helps an individual resolve ethical dilemmas, the authors suggested companies focus on creating an ethical environment. The inability of a code of conduct to solve ethical behavior problems is evident in the investment profession, specifically regarding insider trading violations. In a study using members of the Financial Executives Institutes, it was found ethics in the securities markets is of the greatest concern (Veit & Murphy, 1996). Verschoor (2004) reported that Enron and the scandals which followed were a failure of ethical behavior and not of light laws and regulations. He emphasizes moral behavior can not be legislated. Corporate leaders should have a record of building a culture for doing the right on thing (Verschoor, 2004). Senior leadership set the ethical standards that management will follow. When there is no clear guideline, individual judgment based on own(prenominal) moral and personal ethical codes are used (Smith & Bain, 1990). The research of Sims and Keon (1999, 2000) support the conclusion that perceived organizational